Contents
- 1 English
- 1.1 Etymology
- 1.2 Pronunciation
- 1.3 Noun
- 1.3.1 Translations
- 1.4 Anagrams
- 2 Czech
- 2.1 Pronunciation
- 2.2 Noun
- 2.2.1 Declension
- 2.2.2 Related terms
- 2.3 Further reading
- 3 Indonesian
- 3.1 Etymology
- 3.2 Pronunciation
- 3.3 Noun
- 3.4 Further reading
- 4 Lower Sorbian
- 4.1 Etymology
- 4.2 Pronunciation
- 4.3 Noun
- 4.3.1 Declension
- 4.4 Noun
- 4.4.1 Declension
- 4.5 Further reading
- 5 Old Polish
- 5.1 Etymology
- 5.2 Pronunciation
- 5.3 Noun
- 5.3.1 Descendants
- 5.4 References
- 6 Polish
- 6.1 Etymology
- 6.2 Pronunciation
- 6.3 Noun
- 6.3.1 Declension
- 6.3.2 Derived terms
- 6.4 Further reading
- 7 Silesian
- 7.1 Etymology
- 7.2 Pronunciation
- 7.3 Noun
- 7.4 Further reading
English
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
From a Slavic language likely via Yiddish באַבקע (babke). Compare baba, in the sense of "rum soaked cake".
Pronunciation
[edit]
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈbɑb.kə/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Noun
[edit]
babka (plural babkas)
- A Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins; or with some single flavoring, e.g. chocolate, lemon, etc.
Translations
[edit]
coffee cake
Anagrams
[edit]
Czech
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
babkaf
- (informal) old woman
- Synonym: stařena
- the mushroom Xerocomellus chrysenteron
- Synonym: hřib žlutomasý
Declension
[edit]
Related terms
[edit]
Further reading
[edit]
- babka in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- babka in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
- babka in Internetová jazyková příručka
Indonesian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Borrowed from English babka, most likely from Yiddish באַבקע (babke), from Slavic.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
babka (plural babka-babka, first-person possessive babkaku, second-person possessive babkamu, third-person possessive babkanya)
- (cooking) babka: a Central and Eastern European coffee cake flavored with orange rind, rum, almonds, and raisins.
Further reading
[edit]
- “babka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation –Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Lower Sorbian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
babkafpers
- diminutive of baba (“midwife, old woman, woman”)
- midwife
Declension
[edit]
Declension of babka
Noun
[edit]
babkafinan
- diminutive of baba (“sponge cake”)
Declension
[edit]
Declension of babka
Further reading
[edit]
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “babka”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999) “babka”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik/ Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Old Polish
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *babъka. By surface analysis, baba + -ka. First attested in the second half of the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
babkaf
- (attested in Greater Poland) diminutive of baba (“grandma, parent's mother”)
1902 [1407], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego[1], volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 323:
Byesdrowsco przipadlo na Lesczinø babkø
- [Biezdrowsko przypadło na Leszczynę babkę]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) diminutive of baba (“midwife”)
Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[2], Krakow, page 4a:
Ioseph podluk obyczaga neuesczego ku ge porodzenu gestcy on byl due bapcze veszual
- [Josef podług obyczaja niewieściego ku je porodzeniu jestci on był dwie babce wezwał]
- (attested in Greater Poland, in the plural, astronomy) diminutive of baba (“Pleiades”)
c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 102r:
Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. bapky quoddam signum celeste
- [Pliades sunt stelle pluviales vlg. babki quoddam signum celeste]
- plantain; greater plantain (Plantago major)
1900 [1419], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[4], number 5040:
Babka arnoglossa, plantago maior
- [Babka arnoglossa, plantago maior]
1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 188r:
Plantago […] est quedam herba multum vtilis Et dicitur a planta eo quod adheret terre vlg. babka
- [Plantago […] est quedam herba multum vtilis Et dicitur a planta eo quod adheret terre vlg. babka]
XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski I, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.XVI.33, page 8:
Plantago babka
- [Plantago babka]
1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 40v:
Citharia est quedam herba que alio nomine dicitur plantago babka
- [Citharia est quedam herba que alio nomine dicitur plantago babka]
XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski IV, esarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.F.ch.I.401, page 11:
Citaria babka
- [Citaria babka]
- ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata)
1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[5], number 2456:
Babka arnoglossa, plantago minor
- [Babka arnoglossa, plantago minor]
- hoary plantain, Plantago media
1900 [1419], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2[6], number 5042:
Kosmata babka auriculus leporis, plantago media
- [Kosmata babka auriculus leporis, plantago media]
- (attested in Greater Poland, Southern Borderlands) The meaning of this term is uncertain.
1450, rkps Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. KP 224., Uście Solne, Lviv:
Babka citharia, plantago
- [Babka citharia, plantago]
Descendants
[edit]
- Masurian: bábkä
- Polish: babka
- Silesian: babka
References
[edit]
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “babka”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “babka”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
- Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “babki”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Polish
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Inherited from Old Polish babka. By surface analysis, baba + -ka.
Pronunciation
[edit]
- IPA(key): /ˈbap.ka/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈbap.ka/, /ˈbɒp.ka/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -apka
- Syllabification: bab‧ka
- hom*ophone: Babka
Noun
[edit]
babkaf (diminutive babeczka)
- diminutive of baba
- grandmother
- (colloquial) woman
- (historical) medicine woman
- babka (type of cake)
- sandcastle
- plantain (any plant of the genus Plantago)
- goby (any of various small fish from the large family Gobiidae)
- (obsolete) diminutive of baba (“beggar”)
- (obsolete, agriculture) mound of several sheaves of grain placed in a field
- (obsolete) type of edible mushroom
- (obsolete, mining) stone closing the entrance to the mine
- (obsolete, forging) stone used to close a blast furnace acting as a furnace door
- (obsolete, engineering) hammer with the same head on both sides
- (obsolete, forging) anvil for bending padlock shackles
- (obsolete, forging) small anvil used for tapping a scythe
- (obsolete) goby (any of various small fish from the large family Gobiidae)
- (obsolete) dragonfly
- Synonym: ważka
- (obsolete) small cannon
- Synonym: armatka
- (obsolete) type of old, small Polish currency
- (obsolete) die used in a particular children's game
- (Middle Polish) midwife
- Synonym: akuszerka
- (Middle Polish) blind man's buff
Declension
[edit]
Declension of babka
Derived terms
[edit]
adjectives
nouns
phrases
Further reading
[edit]
- babka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- babka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “babka”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Paweł Kupiszewski (19.12.2018) “BABKA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego[7]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[8]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “babka”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 78
- babka in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Silesian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]
Inherited from Old Polish ka. By surface analysis, baba + -ka.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Noun
[edit]
babkaf
- diminutive of baba
- common woodlouse, Porcellio scaber
- (forging) small anvil for striking a scythe or a sickle
- Synonym: baba
- village midwife
- Synonym: babica
- babka (type of cake)
- common pear, (Pyrus communis)
- Synonym: baba
- (agriculture) last sheaf gathered during a harvest
- blind man's buff
Further reading
[edit]
- babka in silling.org
- Bogdan Kallus (2020) “babka”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 234
- Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “babka”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 62
- Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “babka”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski[9], page 32
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